Express

發表於 2021-08-03 更新於 2021-08-22 分類於 Back End Disqus：

文章字數： 65k 所需閱讀時間 ≈ 59 分鐘

node.js create web server

// index.js
const http = require('http')
const server = http.createServer(handler)

function handler(req, res) {
	console.log(req.url)
	if (req.url === '/hello') {
		res.writeHead(200, {
			// 'Connect-Type': 'text/plain' - 沒有效果
			'Connect-Type': 'text/html'
		})
		res.write('<h1>hello!</h1>')
	} 
	else if ( req.url === '/bye'){
		res.write('bye')
	}
	else if ( req.url === '/new'){
		// 轉址
		res.writeHead(301, {
			'Location': '/bye'
		})
	}
	else {
		res.write('Invalid url')
	}
	res.end()
}

server.listen(5001)

Express server

Example #1

1 2	# install express npm install express

// index.js
const express = require('express')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

app.get('/', (req,res) =>{
	res.send('Hello!')
})

app.get('/hello', (req,res) =>{
	res.send('Hello man!')
})

app.get('/bye', (req,res) =>{
	res.send('Bye!')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

Example #2 - add template

1
2
3

# template engine --> ejs
# install 
npm install ejs

// index.js
const express = require('express')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

app.get('/', (req,res) =>{
	res.send('index...')
})


const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]

app.get('/todos', (req,res) =>{
	// map to views
	res.render('todos', {
		// ES6 可省略
		// todos: todos
		todos
	})
})

app.get('/todos/:id', (req,res) =>{
	const id = req.params.id
	const todo = todos[id]	
	// map to views
	res.render('todo', {
		todo
	})
})

app.listen(port, () => {
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

<!-- ./views/todos.ejs -->
<h1>Todos</h1>
<ul>
	<% for(let i=0 ; i<todos.length ; i++) { %>
		<!-- < % = 表要輸出 -->
		<li><%= todos[i] %></li>
	<% } %>
</ul>

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2
3

<!-- ./views/todo.ejs -->
<h1>Todo</h1>
<h2><%= todo %></h2>

Example #3 - MVC

// index.js
const express = require('express')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

app.get('/todos', todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)

app.listen(port, () => {
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		const todos = todoModel.getAll()
		res.render('todos', {
			todos
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		const id = req.params.id
		const todo = todoModel.get(id)
		res.render('todo', {
			todo
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: () => {
		return todos
	},
	get: id => {
		return todos[id]
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

Example #4 - add mysql

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

app.get('/todos', todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// db.js
var mysql      = require('mysql');
var connection = mysql.createConnection({
  host     : 'localhost',
  user     : 'robert',
  password : 'password',
  database : 'app'
});

module.exports = connection

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		todoModel.getAll((err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todos', {
				todos : results
			})
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		const id = req.params.id
		todoModel.get(id, (err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todo', {
				todo : results
			})
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos', function (error, results) {
			if (error) return cb(error)
			cb(null, results)
		});
	},
	get: (id,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=?', [id], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		);
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

<!-- ./views/todos.ejs -->
<h1>Todos</h1>
<ul>
	<% for(let i=0 ; i<todos.length ; i++) { %>
		<!-- < % = 表要輸出 -->
		<!-- <li><%= todos[i].id %>: <%= todos[i].content %></li> -->
		<li><%= todos[i].id + ': ' + todos[i].content %></li>
	<% } %>
</ul>

<!-- ./views/todo.ejs -->
<h1>Todo</h1>
<% if (todo.length >0) { %>
	<h2><%= todo[0].content %></h2>
<% } %>

express middleware(中介軟體)

example - simple ( query string)

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// total middleware
// app.use((req, rep, next) => {
// 	// middlewate test 
// 	// console.log('Time:', new Date())
// 	// run next step
// 	// next()
// 	// response end
// 	// rep.end()

// 	// middleware test permission
// 	if (req.query.admin === '1') {
// 		next()
// 	}
// 	else {
// 		rep.end('Error!')
// 	}
// })

// add permision check (admin===1)
function checkPermission(req, rep, next) {
	if (req.query.admin === '1') {
		next()
	}
	else {
		rep.end('Error!')
	}
}


// add permision check for one item
app.get('/todos', checkPermission, todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)
app.get('/test', (req, res, next) => {
	// query string - { a: '1', b: '2' }
	console.log(req.query)
	// response info
	// console.log(req)
	res.send('Test!')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

// add permision check (admin===1)
// function checkPermission(req) {
// 	return (req.query.admin === '1')
// }

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		
		// add permision check (admin===1)
		// http://localhost:3000/todos?admin=1
		// if (!checkPermission(req)) return res.end()
		todoModel.getAll((err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todos', {
				todos : results
			})
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		// add permision check (admin===1)
		// http://localhost:3000/todos/1?admin=1
		// if (!checkPermission(req)) return res.end()
		const id = req.params.id
		todoModel.get(id, (err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todo', {
				todo : results
			})
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos', function (error, results) {
			if (error) return cb(error)
			cb(null, results)
		});
	},
	get: (id,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=?', [id], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		);
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

body parser

1 2	# install body parser npm install body-parser

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())

app.post('/todos', todoController.newTodo)
app.get('/todos', todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)
// add add todo
app.get('/', todoController.addTodo)

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		todoModel.getAll((err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todos', {
				todos : results
			})
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		const id = req.params.id
		todoModel.get(id, (err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todo', {
				todo : results
			})
		})
	},
	addTodo: (req, res) => {
		res.render('addTodo')
	},
	newTodo:  (req, res) => {
		// get body data
		const content = req.body.content
		todoModel.add(content, (err) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.redirect('/todos')
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos', function (error, results) {
			if (error) return cb(error)
			cb(null, results)
		});
	},
	get: (id,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=?', [id], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		);
	},
	add: (content, cb) => {
		db.query('INSERT INTO todos(content) VALUES(?)', [content], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				// console.log(results)
				cb(null)
			}
		);
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

<!-- ./views/todos.ejs -->
<h1>Todos</h1>
<a href="/">add todo</a>
<ul>
	<% for(let i=0 ; i<todos.length ; i++) { %>
		<!-- < % = 表要輸出 -->
		<!-- <li><%= todos[i].id %>: <%= todos[i].content %></li> -->
		<li><%= todos[i].id + ': ' + todos[i].content %></li>
	<% } %>
</ul>

<!-- ./views/todo.ejs -->
<h1>Todo</h1>
<% if (todo.length >0) { %>
	<h2><%= todo[0].content %></h2>
<% } %>

<!-- ./views/addTodo.ejs -->
<h1>AddTodo</h1>

<form method='POST' action="/todos">
	Content: <input type="text" name='content'>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

express session

1 2	# install npm install express-session

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add express session
const session = require('express-session')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())

// add express session
// app.set('trust proxy', 1) // if have proxy and using secure: tre, need run
// if https recommend set cookie: { secure: true }
// app.use(session({
// 	secret: 'keyboard cat',
// 	resave: false
// }));
// app.use(session({
//   secret: 'keyboard cat',
//   resave: false,
//   saveUninitialized: true,
//   cookie: { secure: true }
// }))
app.use(session({
  secret: 'keyboard cat',
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: true
}))


app.post('/todos', todoController.newTodo)
app.get('/todos', todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)
// add add todo
app.get('/', todoController.addTodo)
// login
app.get('/login', (req, res) =>{
	res.render('login')
})
app.post('/login', (req,res) => {
	if (req.body.password === 'abc') {
		req.session.isLogin = true
		res.redirect('/')
	}
	else {
		res.redirect('/login')
	}
})
// logout
app.get('/logout', (req, res) => {
	req.session.isLogin = false
	res.redirect('/')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		todoModel.getAll((err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todos', {
				todos : results
			})
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		const id = req.params.id
		todoModel.get(id, (err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todo', {
				todo : results
			})
		})
	},
	addTodo: (req, res) => {
		res.render('addTodo', {
			isLogin: req.session.isLogin
		})
	},
	newTodo:  (req, res) => {
		// get body data
		const content = req.body.content
		todoModel.add(content, (err) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.redirect('/todos')
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos', function (error, results) {
			if (error) return cb(error)
			cb(null, results)
		});
	},
	get: (id,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=?', [id], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		);
	},
	add: (content, cb) => {
		db.query('INSERT INTO todos(content) VALUES(?)', [content], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				// console.log(results)
				cb(null)
			}
		);
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

<!-- ./views/todos.ejs -->
<h1>Todos</h1>
<a href="/">add todo</a>
<ul>
	<% for(let i=0 ; i<todos.length ; i++) { %>
		<!-- < % = 表要輸出 -->
		<!-- <li><%= todos[i].id %>: <%= todos[i].content %></li> -->
		<li><%= todos[i].id + ': ' + todos[i].content %></li>
	<% } %>
</ul>

<!-- ./views/todo.ejs -->
<h1>Todo</h1>
<% if (todo.length >0) { %>
	<h2><%= todo[0].content %></h2>
<% } %>

<!-- ./views/addTodo.ejs -->
<h1>AddTodo</h1>
<% if(isLogin) { %>
	你已登入	<a href="/logout">logout</a>
<% } else { %>
	你未登入 
<% } %> 	

<form method='POST' action="/todos">
	Content: <input type="text" name='content'>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

<!-- ./views/login.ejs -->
<h1>Login</h1>

<form method='POST' action="/login">
	Password: <input type="password" name='password'>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

connect-flash

connect-flash
add global variable - use middleware

1 2	# install npm install connect-flash

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add express session
const session = require('express-session')
// add connect flash
const flash = require('connect-flash')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())
// add connect flash
app.use(flash())

// add express session
// app.set('trust proxy', 1) // if have proxy and using secure: tre, need run
// if https recommend set cookie: { secure: true }
// app.use(session({
// 	secret: 'keyboard cat',
// 	resave: false
// }));
// app.use(session({
//   secret: 'keyboard cat',
//   resave: false,
//   saveUninitialized: true,
//   cookie: { secure: true }
// }))
app.use(session({
  secret: 'keyboard cat',
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: true
}))

// add global variable - use middleware
app.use((req, res, next) => {
	res.locals.isLogin = req.session.isLogin
	// add connect flash
	res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')
	next()
})

app.post('/todos', todoController.newTodo)
app.get('/todos', todoController.getAll)
app.get('/todos/:id', todoController.get)
// add add todo
app.get('/', todoController.addTodo)
// login
app.get('/login', (req, res) =>{
	res.render('login')
})
app.post('/login', (req,res) => {
	if (req.body.password === 'abc') {
		req.session.isLogin = true
		res.redirect('/')
	}
	else {
		// add connect flash
		req.flash('errorMessage', 'Please input the correct password.')
		res.redirect('/login')
	}
})
// logout
app.get('/logout', (req, res) => {
	req.session.isLogin = false
	res.redirect('/')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/todo.js
const todoModel = require('../models/todo')

const todoController = {
	getAll: (req, res ) => {
		todoModel.getAll((err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todos', {
				todos : results
			})
		})
	},
	get: (req, res ) => {
		const id = req.params.id
		todoModel.get(id, (err,results) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.render('todo', {
				todo : results
			})
		})
	},
	addTodo: (req, res) => {
		res.render('addTodo')
	},
	newTodo:  (req, res) => {
		// get body data
		const content = req.body.content
		todoModel.add(content, (err) => {
			if (err) return console.log(err)
			res.redirect('/todos')
		})
	}
}

module.exports = todoController

// ./modules/todo.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const todoModel = {
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos', function (error, results) {
			if (error) return cb(error)
			cb(null, results)
		});
	},
	get: (id,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM todos WHERE id=?', [id], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		);
	},
	add: (content, cb) => {
		db.query('INSERT INTO todos(content) VALUES(?)', [content], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				// console.log(results)
				cb(null)
			}
		);
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

<!-- ./views/login.ejs -->
<h1>Login</h1>

<h2><%= errorMessage %> </h2>

<form method='POST' action="/login">
	Password: <input type="password" name='password'>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

簡易會員註冊系統

1 2	# insatll bcrypt npm install bcrypt

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add express session
const session = require('express-session')
// add connect flash
const flash = require('connect-flash')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')
const userController = require('./controllers/user')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())
// add connect flash
app.use(flash())

// add express session
app.use(session({
  secret: 'keyboard cat',
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: true
}))

// add global variable - use middleware
app.use((req, res, next) => {
	res.locals.username = req.session.username
	// add connect flash
	res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')
	next()
})

function redirectBack(req, res) {
	res.redirect('back')
}

app.get('/',  (req, res ) => {
	res.render('user/index')
})
app.get('/register', userController.register)
app.post('/register', userController.handleRegister, redirectBack)
app.get('/login', userController.login)
app.post('/login', userController.handleLogin, redirectBack)
app.get('/logout', userController.logout)


app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/user.js
const userModel = require('../models/user')
// add bcrypt
const bcrypt = require('bcrypt')
const saltRounds = 10

const userController = {
	register: (req, res ) => {
		res.render('user/register')
	},
	handleRegister: (req, res , next) => {
		const {username, password, nickname} = req.body
		if (!username || !password || !nickname) {
			req.flash('errorMessage', '缺少必要欄位!')
			return next() 
		}

		bcrypt.genSalt(saltRounds, function(err, salt) {
			bcrypt.hash(password, salt, function(err, hash) {
					if (err) {
						req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
						return next() 
					}

					userModel.add({
						username,
						nickname,
						password: hash
					}, (err) => {
						if (err) {
							req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
							return next() 
						}
						req.session.username = username
						res.redirect('/')
					})
			});
	});

	},
	login: (req, res ) => {
		res.render('user/login')
	},
	handleLogin: (req, res, next) => {
		const {username, password} = req.body
			if (!username || !password) {
				req.flash('errorMessage', '該填未填!')
				return next()
			}
			
			userModel.get(username, (err, user) => {
			if (err) {
				req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
				return next()		
			}

			if (!user) {
				req.flash('errorMessage', '無此帳號!')
				return next()		
			}

			bcrypt.compare(password, user.password, function(err, isSuccess) {
				if (err || (!isSuccess)) {
					req.flash('errorMessage', '密碼錯誤!')
					return next()		
				}
				req.session.username = user.username 
				res.redirect('/')		
			});
		})
	},
	logout: (req, res) => {
		req.session.username = null
		res.redirect('/')
	}
}

module.exports = userController

// ./modules/user.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todos = [
	'first todo', 'second todo', 'third todo'
]
const userModel = {
	add: (user, cb) => {
		db.query('INSERT INTO users(username, password, nickname) VALUES(?, ?, ?)',
		 	[user.username, user.password, user.nickname], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null)
			}
		);
	},
	get: (username,cb) => {
		db.query('SELECT * FROM users WHERE username=?', [username], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null, results[0])
			}
		);
	},

}

module.exports = userModel

<!-- ./views/user/index.ejs -->
<h1>簡易會員系統</h1>

<% if (username) { %> 
	hello, <%= username %> <br>
	<!-- 可執行 HTML -->
	hello, <%- username %> <br>
	<a href="/logout">登出</a>
<% } else { %> 
	<a href="/register">註冊</a>
	<a href="/login">登入</a>
<% } %>

<!-- ./views/user/register.ejs -->
<h1>註冊頁面</h1>

<h2><%= errorMessage %> </h2>
<form method='POST' action="/register">
	<div>username: <input type="textd" name='username'></div>
	<div>password: <input type="password" name='password'></div>
	<div>nickname: <input type="text" name='nickname'></div>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

<!-- ./views/user/login.ejs -->
<h1>登入頁面</h1>

<h2><%= errorMessage %> </h2>
<form method='POST' action="/login">
	<div>username: <input type="textd" name='username'></div>
	<div>password: <input type="password" name='password'></div>
	<input type="submit" >
</form>

簡易留言板

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add express session
const session = require('express-session')
// add connect flash
const flash = require('connect-flash')
// add todo db
const db = require('./db')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const todoController = require('./controllers/todo')
const userController = require('./controllers/user')
const commentController = require('./controllers/comment')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())
// add connect flash
app.use(flash())

// add express session
app.use(session({
  secret: 'keyboard cat',
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: true
}))

// add global variable - use middleware
app.use((req, res, next) => {
	res.locals.username = req.session.username
	// add connect flash
	res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')
	next()
})

function redirectBack(req, res) {
	res.redirect('back')
}

app.get('/', commentController.index) 
app.get('/register', userController.register)
app.post('/register', userController.handleRegister, redirectBack)
app.get('/login', userController.login)
app.post('/login', userController.handleLogin, redirectBack)
app.get('/logout', userController.logout)

app.post('/comments', commentController.add)
app.get('/comments_delete/:id', commentController.delete)
app.get('/comments_update/:id', commentController.update)
app.post('/comments_update/:id', commentController.handelUpdate)

app.listen(port, () => {
	// add todo db
	db.connect()
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

// ./controllers/comment.js
const commentModel = require('../models/comment')

const commentController = {
	add:  (req, res) => {
		// get body data
		const {username} = req.session
		const {content} = req.body
		if (!username || !content ) {
			req.flash('errorMessage', '請輸入完整內容!')
			return res.redirect('/')
		}

		commentModel.add(username, content, (err) => {
			if (err) req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	},
	index: (req, res) => {
		commentModel.getAll((err, results) => {
			if (err) {
				req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
			}
			res.render('user/index', {
				comments: results
			} )
		})
	},
	delete: (req, res) => {
		commentModel.delete(req.session.username, req.params.id, (err) => {
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	},
	update: (req, res) => {
		commentModel.get(req.params.id, (err, result) => {
			res.render('user/update',{
				comment: result
			})
		})
	},
	handelUpdate: (req, res) => {
		commentModel.update(req.session.username, req.params.id, req.body.content, (err) => {
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	}
}

module.exports = commentController

// ./modules/comment.js
// add todo db
const db = require('../db')

const todoModel = {
	add: (username, content, cb) => {
		db.query('INSERT INTO comments(username, content) VALUES(?, ?)', 
			[username ,content], 
			function (error, results) {
				if (error) return cb(error)
				cb(null)
			}
		)
	},
	getAll: (cb) => {
		db.query(
			`SELECT U.nickname, C.content, C.id, U.username
			FROM comments AS C LEFT JOIN users as U 
			on U.username = C.username ORDER BY C.id DESC`,
			(err, results) => {
				if (err) return cb(err)
				cb(null, results)
			}
		)
	},
	delete: (username, id, cb) => {
		db.query(
			`DELETE FROM comments WHERE id=? AND username=?`, [id, username], 
			(err, results) => {
				if (err) return cb(err)
				cb(null)
			}
		)		
	},
	get: (id, cb) => {
		db.query(
			`SELECT U.nickname, C.content, C.id, U.username
			FROM comments AS C LEFT JOIN users as U 
			on U.username = C.username WHERE C.id=?`, [id],
			(err, results) => {
				if (err) return cb(err)
				cb(null, results[0] || {})
			}
		)
	},
	update: (username, id, content, cb) => {
		db.query(
			`UPDATE comments SET content=? WHERE id=? AND username=?`, 
			[content , id, username], 
			(err, results) => {
				if (err) return cb(err)
				cb(null)
			}
		)		
	}
}

module.exports = todoModel

<!-- ./views/user/index.ejs -->
<h1>簡易會員系統</h1>
<h2><%= errorMessage %> </h2>

<% if (username) { %> 
	hello, <%= username %> 
	<a href="/logout">登出</a>

	<form method="POST" action="/comments">
		<textarea name="content"></textarea>
		<input type="submit">
	</form>

<% } else { %> 
	<a href="/register">註冊</a>
	<a href="/login">登入</a>
<% } %> 

<% comments.forEach( function(comment) { %> 
	<h2><%= comment.nickname %> 
		<% if (username == comment.username) { %>
			<a href="/comments_delete/<%= comment.id %>">刪除</a>
			<a href="/comments_update/<%= comment.id %>">修改</a>
		<% } %> 
	</h2>
	<p><%= comment.content %> </p>
<% }) %>

<!-- ./views/user/update.ejs -->
<h1>編輯留言</h1>

<form method="POST" action="/comments_update/<%= comment.id%>">
	<textarea name="content"><%= comment.content %> </textarea>
	<input type="submit">
</form>

ORM 與 Sequelize

ORM : Object Relational Mapping

Sequelize 基本操作

insatll sequelize

1	npm install sequelize

link DB and create table’s item

Sequelize = require('sequelize');
// set db configuration
const sequelize = new Sequelize('mydb', 'robert', 'password', {
	host: 'localhost',
	dialect: 'mysql'
});

// 驗證 DB 
sequelize
	.authenticate()
	.then(() => {
		console.log('Connection has been established successfully.');
	})
	.catch(err => {
		console.error('Unable to connect to the database:', err);
	});

// define table field
const User = sequelize.define('user', {
	firstName: {
		type: Sequelize.STRING,
		allowNull: false
	},
	lastName: {
		type: Sequelize.STRING
	}
}, {
	// timestamps: false,			// 關掉產生 timestamp 欄位
	// freezeTableName: true,	// 關掉 自動複數檔案名
});

// create tabel item
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.create({
		firstName: 'Bill',
		lastName: 'Chen'
	}).then (() =>{
		console.log('created!')
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

get/modify/delete table item

// create tabel item
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.create({
		firstName: 'Bill',
		lastName: 'Chen'
	}).then (() =>{
		console.log('created!')
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// get tabel all item 
sequelize.sync().then(() =>{
	User.findAll().then( users => {
		console.log("All user:", JSON.stringify(users,null,4))
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// get table condition item
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.findAll({
		where: {
			firstName: 'Bill2'
		}
	}).then( users => {
		console.log(users[0].id, users[0].firstName)
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// get table one item
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.findOne({
		where: {
			firstName: 'Bill2'
		}
	}).then( user => {
		console.log(user.id, user.firstName)
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// update table's item 
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.findOne({
		where: {
			firstName: 'Bill2'
		}
	}).then( user => {
		user.update({
			lastName: 'aaa'
		})
	}).then(() => {
		console.log('done')	
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// detelet table's item 
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.findOne({
		where: {
			firstName: 'Bill2'
		}
	}).then( user => {
		user.destroy()
	}).then(() => {
		console.log('done')	
	}).catch( err => {
		console.log(err.toString())	
	})
})

// define another table field
const Comment = sequelize.define('comment', {
	content: {
		type: Sequelize.STRING,
	}
});
// set mapping to low level table
User.hasMany(Comment)

// create low level table item
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	Comment.create({
		userId:3,
		content: 'Hi'
	}).then(() => {
		console.log('done')
	})
})

// set mapping to up level table
Comment.belongsTo(User)
// get low level item (include up level item)
sequelize.sync().then(() =>{
	Comment.findOne({
		where: {
			content: 'hello'
		},
		include: User
	}).then(comment => {
		console.log(JSON.stringify(comment, null, 4)) // 排列較易閱讀
		console.log(comment.id, comment.content)
	})
} )

// get up level item (include low level item)
sequelize.sync().then(() => {
	User.findOne({
		where: {
			firstName: 'Bill'
		},
		include: Comment
	}).then(user => {
		console.log(JSON.stringify(user.comments, null, 4)) // 排列較易閱讀
	})
})

Sequelize CLI

install sequelize-cli

1 2	# install npm install sequelize-cli

init sequeliz

1 2	# init sequeliz npx sequelize-cli init

config/config.json
change db configuration

{
  "development": {
    "username": "robert",
    "password": "password",
    "database": "mydb2",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  },
  "test": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_test",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  },
  "production": {
    "username": "root",
    "password": null,
    "database": "database_production",
    "host": "127.0.0.1",
    "dialect": "mysql"
  }
}

create model

# npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User --attributes firstName:string,lastName:string,email:string
# add field user_level:integer
# npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User --attributes username:string,password:string,nickname:string,user_level:integer
# npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name Comment --attributes content:string
# 欄位加滿,不然有時會有問題
npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User --attributes username:string,password:string,nickname:string,user_level:integer
npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name Comment --attributes content:text,UserId:integer

migrate (generate db table)

# 產生 table sequelizemeta, 存執行 log
npx sequelize-cli db:migrate
# if env is test 
# npx sequelize-cli db:migrate --env test

為 model 加上關聯

./models/user.js

'use strict';
const {
  Model
} = require('sequelize');
module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
  class User extends Model {
    /**
     * Helper method for defining associations.
     * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
     * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
     */
    static associate(models) {
			// 加上關聯設定
			User.hasMany(models.Comment)
    }
  };
  User.init({
    firstName: DataTypes.STRING,
    lastName: DataTypes.STRING,
    email: DataTypes.STRING
  }, {
    sequelize,
    modelName: 'User',
  });
  return User;
};

./models/comment.js

'use strict';
const {
  Model
} = require('sequelize');
module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
  class Comment extends Model {
    /**
     * Helper method for defining associations.
     * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
     * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
     */
    static associate(models) {
			// 加上關聯設定
			Comment.belongsTo(models.User)
    }
  };
  Comment.init({
    content: DataTypes.STRING
  }, {
    sequelize,
    modelName: 'Comment',
  });
  return Comment;
};

create table item

index.js

const db = require('./models')
const User = db.User
const Comment = db.Comment

User.create({
	firstName: 'Bill',
	lastName: 'Chen'
}).then(() =>{
	console.log('done!')
}).catch( err => {
	console.log(err.toString())	
})

改造留言板

data 操作

// 在 ejs 可直接使用
res.locals.isLogin = req.session.isLogin
res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')
// get 傳入參數
id: req.params.id,
// post 傳入參數
const {	content } = req.body
// session 參數
const {	username,	userId} = req.session
// flash
req.flash('errorMessage', '請輸入完整內容!')
res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')

// migration - set field unique
username: {
	type: Sequelize.STRING,
	unique: true
},
// migration - add field
'use strict';
// add UserId
UserId: {
  type: Sequelize.INTEGER
},
// controller - findAll add order 
Comment.findAll({
	include: User,
	// 加入 order
	order: [
		['id', 'DESC']
	]
})
// model 加上關聯
class User extends Model {
  /**
    * Helper method for defining associations.
    * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
    * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
    */
  static associate(models) {
     // 加上關聯設定
		User.hasMany(models.Comment)
  }
};
class Comment extends Model {
  /**
    * Helper method for defining associations.
    * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
    * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
    */
  static associate(models) {
		// 加上關聯設定
		Comment.belongsTo(models.User)
  }
};

install and create DB(migrate)

# install
npm install sequelize
npm install sequelize-cli
npm install mysql2
# init
npx sequelize-cli init
# create model
# npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User --attributes username:string,password:string,nickname:string
# npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name Comment --attributes content:text
# 欄位加滿,不然有時會有問題
npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User --attributes username:string,password:string,nickname:string,user_level:integer
npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name Comment --attributes content:text,UserId:integer
# migrate 
npx sequelize-cli db:migrate

add user id for comment

./migrations/xxx-create-comment.js 加 user id

'use strict';
module.exports = {
  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.createTable('Comments', {
      id: {
        allowNull: false,
        autoIncrement: true,
        primaryKey: true,
        type: Sequelize.INTEGER
      },
      content: {
        type: Sequelize.TEXT
			},
			// add UserId
			UserId: {
        type: Sequelize.INTEGER
      },
      createdAt: {
        allowNull: false,
        type: Sequelize.DATE
      },
      updatedAt: {
        allowNull: false,
        type: Sequelize.DATE
      }
    });
  },
  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
    await queryInterface.dropTable('Comments');
  }
};

set username unique

./migrations/xxx-create-comment.js set username unique

username: {
	type: Sequelize.STRING,
	unique: true
},

撤銷migrate then migrate

# 撤銷 上一次
npx sequelize-cli db:migrate:undo
# 撤銷所有
npx sequelize-cli db:migrate:undo:all
# migrate 
npx sequelize-cli db:migrate

model 加上關聯

./model/user.js

'use strict';
const {
  Model
} = require('sequelize');
module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
  class User extends Model {
    /**
     * Helper method for defining associations.
     * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
     * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
     */
    static associate(models) {
      // 加上關聯設定
			User.hasMany(models.Comment)
    }
  };
  User.init({
    username: DataTypes.STRING,
    password: DataTypes.STRING,
    nickname: DataTypes.STRING
  }, {
    sequelize,
    modelName: 'User',
  });
  ret

./model/comment.js

'use strict';
const {
  Model
} = require('sequelize');
module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
  class Comment extends Model {
    /**
     * Helper method for defining associations.
     * This method is not a part of Sequelize lifecycle.
     * The `models/index` file will call this method automatically.
     */
    static associate(models) {
			// 加上關聯設定
			Comment.belongsTo(models.User)
    }
  };
  Comment.init({
    content: DataTypes.TEXT
  }, {
    sequelize,
    modelName: 'Comment',
  });
  return Comment;
};

index.js

// index.js
const express = require('express')
// add body parser
const bodyParser = require('body-parser')
// add express session
const session = require('express-session')
// add connect flash
const flash = require('connect-flash')
const app = express()
const port = 3000

const userController = require('./controllers/user')
const commentController = require('./controllers/comment')

// set view engine type - directory is ./views
app.set('view engine', 'ejs')

// add body parser
// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
// parse application/json
app.use(bodyParser.json())
// add connect flash
app.use(flash())

// add express session
app.use(session({
  secret: 'keyboard cat',
  resave: false,
  saveUninitialized: true
}))

// add global variable - use middleware
app.use((req, res, next) => {
	res.locals.userId = req.session.userId
	res.locals.username = req.session.username
	// add connect flash
	res.locals.errorMessage = req.flash('errorMessage')
	next()
})

function redirectBack(req, res) {
	res.redirect('back')
}

app.get('/', commentController.index) 
app.get('/register', userController.register)
app.post('/register', userController.handleRegister, redirectBack)
app.get('/login', userController.login)
app.post('/login', userController.handleLogin, redirectBack)
app.get('/logout', userController.logout)

app.post('/comments', commentController.add)
app.get('/comments_delete/:id', commentController.delete)
app.get('/comments_update/:id', commentController.update)
app.post('/comments_update/:id', commentController.handelUpdate)


app.listen(port, () => {
	console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)
})

view’s template

template/head.ejs

<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">

<!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.0/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-B0vP5xmATw1+K9KRQjQERJvTumQW0nPEzvF6L/Z6nronJ3oUOFUFpCjEUQouq2+l" crossorigin="anonymous">

template/navbar.ejs

<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light bg-light mb-3">
	<a class="navbar-brand" href="/">留言板</a>
	<button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarNavAltMarkup"
		aria-controls="navbarNavAltMarkup" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
		<span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
	</button>
	<div class="collapse navbar-collapse justify-content-end" id="navbarNavAltMarkup">
		<div class="navbar-nav">
			<% if (userId) { %>
			<a class="nav-link" href="/logout">登出</a>
			<% } else { %>
			<a class="nav-link" href="/register">註冊</a>
			<a class="nav-link" href="/login">登入</a>
			<% } %>
		</div>
	</div>
</nav>

view

user/index.ejs

<!-- ./views/user/index.ejs -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
	<%- include('../template/head') %>
	<title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
	<%- include('../template/navbar') %>

	<div class="container">
			<% if(errorMessage && errorMessage.length > 0) {  %> 
				<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
					<%= errorMessage %>
				</div>
			<% } %> 

		<% if (userId) { %>
			<div class="h3">hello, <%= username %></div>

			<form  class="mb-3" method="POST" action="/comments">
				<div class="form-group">
					<textarea name="content" class="form-control" rows="3"></textarea>
				</div>
				<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
			</form>
		<% } %>

		<% comments.forEach( function(comment) { %>
		<div class="card border-light mb-3">
			<div class="card-header">
					<%= comment.User.nickname %>
					<% if (userId == comment.UserId) { %>
					<a href="/comments_delete/<%= comment.id %>">刪除</a>
					<a href="/comments_update/<%= comment.id %>">修改</a>
					<% } %>
				</div>
				<div class="card-body">
					<p class="card-text"><%= comment.content %></p>
				</div>
			</div>
			<% }) %>
	</div>

</body>

</html>

user/register.ejs

<!-- ./views/user/register.ejs -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<%- include('../template/head') %> 
	<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%- include('../template/navbar') %> 

	<div class="container">
		<% if(errorMessage && errorMessage.length > 0) {  %> 
			<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
				<%= errorMessage %>
			</div>
		<% } %> 

		<form method='POST' action="/register">
				<div class="form-group row">
					<label for="inputUsername" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">username</label>
					<div class="col-sm-10">
						<input type="text"" class="form-control" id="inputUsername" name='username'>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="form-group row">
				<label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">password</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" name='password'>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group row">
				<label for="inputUsername" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">nickname</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="text"" class="form-control" id="inputUsername" name='nickname'>
				</div>
			</div>
			<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">註冊</button>
		</form>

	</div>
</body>
</html>

user/login.ejs

<!-- ./views/user/login.ejs -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<%- include('../template/head') %> 
	<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%- include('../template/navbar') %> 

	<div class="container">
		<% if(errorMessage && errorMessage.length > 0) {  %> 
			<div class="alert alert-danger" role="alert">
				<%= errorMessage %>
			</div>
		<% } %> 

		<form method='POST' action="/login">
				<div class="form-group row">
					<label for="inputUsername" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">username</label>
					<div class="col-sm-10">
						<input type="text"" class="form-control" id="inputUsername" name='username'>
					</div>
				</div>
				<div class="form-group row">
				<label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">password</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" name='password'>
				</div>
			</div>
			<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">登入</button>
		</form>

	</div>
</body>
</html>

user/update.ejs

<!-- ./views/user/update.ejs -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
	<%- include('../template/head') %> 
	<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
	<%- include('../template/navbar') %> 

	<div class="container">
		<form  method="POST" action="/comments_update/<%= comment.id%>">
			<div class="form-group">
				<textarea name="content" class="form-control" rows="3"><%= comment.content %></textarea>
			</div>
			<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
			</form>
		</form>
	</div>
</body>
</html>

control

controllers/user.js

// ./controllers/user.js
const db = require('../models')
const User = db.User
// add bcrypt
const bcrypt = require('bcrypt')
const saltRounds = 10

const userController = {
	register: (req, res) => {
		res.render('user/register')
	},
	handleRegister: (req, res, next) => {
		const {	username,	password,	nickname} = req.body
		if (!username || !password || !nickname) {
			req.flash('errorMessage', '缺少必要欄位!')
			return next()
		}

		bcrypt.genSalt(saltRounds, function (err, salt) {
			bcrypt.hash(password, salt, function (err, hash) {
				if (err) {
					req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
					return next()
				}

				User.create({
					username: username,
					nickname: nickname,
					password: hash
				}).then(user => {
					req.session.userId = user.id
					req.session.username = user.username
					res.redirect('/')
				}).catch(err => {
					req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
					return next()
				})
			});
		});

	},
	login: (req, res) => {
		res.render('user/login')
	},
	handleLogin: (req, res, next) => {
		const {username,password} = req.body
		if (!username || !password) {
			req.flash('errorMessage', '該填未填!')
			return next()
		}

		User.findOne({
			where: {
				username: username
			}
		}).then(user => {
			if (!user) {
				req.flash('errorMessage', '無此帳號!')
				return next()
			}

			bcrypt.compare(password, user.password, function (err, isSuccess) {
				if (err || (!isSuccess)) {
					req.flash('errorMessage', '密碼錯誤!')
					return next()
				}
				// console.log(user)
				req.session.userId = user.id
				req.session.username = user.username
				res.redirect('/')
			})
		}).catch(err => {
			req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
			return next()
		})
	},
	logout: (req, res) => {
		req.session.userId = null
		req.session.username = null
		res.redirect('/')
	}
}

module.exports = userController

controllers/comment.js

// ./controllers/comment.js
const db = require('../models')
const User = db.User
const Comment = db.Comment

const commentController = {
	add: (req, res) => {
		// get body data
		// username,	userId 應只在 ejs 有作用
		const {	username,	userId} = req.session
		const {	content } = req.body
		if (!username || !content) {
			req.flash('errorMessage', '請輸入完整內容!')
			return res.redirect('/')
		}

		Comment.create({
			UserId: userId,
			content: content
		}).then(user => {
			res.redirect('/')
		}).catch(err => {
			req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
			return next()
		})
	},
	index: (req, res, next) => {
		Comment.findAll({
				include: User,
				// 加入 order
				order: [
					['id', 'DESC']
				]
			}).then(comments => {
				res.render('user/index', {
					comments
				})
			})
			.catch(err => {
				req.flash('errorMessage', err.toString())
				return next()
			})
	},
	delete: (req, res) => {
		Comment.findOne({
			where: {
				id: req.params.id,
				UserId: req.session.userId
			}
		}).then(comment => {
			// return 與 no return 無差別
			// return comment.destroy()
			comment.destroy()
		}).then( () => {
				res.redirect('/')
		}).catch(err => {
			console.log(err.toString())
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	},
	update: (req, res) => {
		Comment.findOne({
			where: {
				id: req.params.id,
				UserId: req.session.userId
			}
		}).then(comment => {
			res.render('user/update', {
				comment
			})
		}).catch(err => {
			console.log(err.toString())
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	},
	handelUpdate: (req, res) => {
		Comment.findOne({
			where: {
				id: req.params.id,
				UserId: req.session.userId
			}
		}).then(comment => {
			comment.update({
				content: req.body.content
			})
		}).then(() =>{
			res.redirect('/')
		})
		.catch(err => {
			console.log(err.toString())
			res.redirect('/')
		})
	}
}

module.exports = commentController

Ngainx and PM2

PM2

command

# install
npm install pm2 -g
# show pm2 status
pm2 ls
# run index.js(node.js)
pm2 start index.js
# get process log
pm2 log 0
# get process information
pm2 info 0
# stop process information
pm2 stop 0
# restart process information
pm2 restart 0
# delete process information
pm2 delete 0

Nginx

install

# install nginx
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx
# install node.js
sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo apt install npm
sudo npm install -g npm@latest # in need - install lasted version
# dump status and start mginx
sudo systemctl status nginx
sudo systemctl start nginx

run web server

index.js

const express = require('express')
const app = express()
const port = 3001

app.get('/', (req,res) =>{
                res.send('Hello, 3001....')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
                console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)})

index2.js

const express = require('express')
const app = express()
const port = 3002

app.get('/', (req,res) =>{
                res.send('Hi, 3002....')
})

app.listen(port, () => {
                console.log(`Example app listening at http://localhost:${port}`)})

1
2
3

# start web server
pm2 start index.js
pm2 start index2.js

set for DNS

configure nginx to web server

1 2	sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/aaa.website sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/bbb.website

aaa.website

server {
       listen 80;
       server_name aaa.hot5656.website;

       location / {
         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3001;
       }
}

bbb.website

server {
       listen 80;
       server_name bbb.hot5656.website;

       location / {
         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3002;
       }
}

add soft link

1 2	sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/aaa.website /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/bbb.website /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

reload nginx

1 2	sudo systemctl reload nginx sudo systemctl status nginx

Heroku

develop node.js - no db

install Heroku CLI

1 2	heroku -v node -v

package.json add “script start” and “engines”

"scripts": {
  "start": "node app.js",
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"engines": {
  "node": "14.x"
},

set env port

app.js

1	const port = process.env.PORT \|\| 5001

run heroku local test

1	heroku local web

develop to heroku

add .gitignore

1	node_modules/

git init and commit

git init 
git add .
git status
git commit -m "1st commit"
git show-ref

push to heroku

# login 
heroku login
# create app
heroku create
# list app
heroku lis
# delete app - if need detele other app
# heroku apps:destroy afternoon-plains-5751
git remote -v
	heroku  https://git.heroku.com/mysterious-ravine-06292.git (fetch)
	heroku  https://git.heroku.com/mysterious-ravine-06292.git (push)
# push to heroku
git push heroku master
# open by local browser
heroku open

develop node.js - include db

install Heroku CLI

1 2	heroku -v node -v

package.json add “script start” and “engines”

"scripts": {
  "start": "node index.js",
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"engines": {
  "node": "14.x"
},

set env port

index.js

1	const port = process.env.PORT \|\| 3000

run heroku local test

1	heroku local web

develop to heroku

add .gitignore

1	node_modules/

git init

git add .
git status
git commit -m "1st commit"
git show-ref

push to heroku

# login - if never login
# heroku login
# create app
heroku create
# list app - if want to see other app
# delete app - if need detele other app
# heroku lis
git remote -v
	heroku  https://git.heroku.com/mysterious-ravine-06292.git (fetch)
	heroku  https://git.heroku.com/mysterious-ravine-06292.git (push)
# push to heroku
git push heroku master
# open by local browser
heroku open

develop db for heroku

# show logs for debug
heroku logs -–tail
# add db
heroku addons:create cleardb:ignite

check models/index.js see use_env_variable for db parameter

let sequelize;
if (config.use_env_variable) {
  sequelize = new Sequelize(process.env[config.use_env_variable], config);
} else {
  sequelize = new Sequelize(config.database, config.username, config.password, config);
}

check heroku db env name

set config/config.json

"production": {
  "username": "root",
  "password": null,
  "database": "database_production",
  "host": "127.0.0.1",
  "dialect": "mysql",
  "use_env_variable": "CLEARDB_DATABASE_URL"
}

commit + push to heroku

1
2
3

git add .
git commit -m "add db config"
git push heroku master

add migrate script to package.json

"scripts": {
  "db:migrate": "npx sequelize db:migrate",
  "start": "npm run db:migrate && node index.js",
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},

commit + push to heroku

1
2
3

git add .
git commit -m "add db migrate"
git push heroku master

heidisql link to heroku db

AWS 部署(node.js + express + nginx)

install nginx, node.js, npm, pm2

# install nginx
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nginx
# 順序有關係 - install node,npmx
sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo apt-get install npm
# insuall pm2
sudo npm install pm2 -g 
# found error , upgrade npm
sudo npm install -g npm@latest
sudo npm install pm2 -g

install mysql

# Install MySQL
sudo apt install mysql-server
# Run the security script 
sudo mysql_secure_installation
# Creating MySQL User (robert)
sudo mysql
mysql> CREATE USER 'robert'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'passwrod';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

# 更改 root password Password Plugin to mysql_native_password for remote login
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'passwrod';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

# 授予 user 權限
mysql> GRANT ALL  ON mydb2.* TO 'robert'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

# create database - 特別要用反引號
mysql> CREATE DATABASE `mydb2`;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

# free previous command cache 
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye

其他 app 連至 MySQL

Inbound Rules 新增 HTTP TCP port:3306

mask bind-address(允許連線主機)

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
# --- 原來
bind-address          = 127.0.0.1
# --- 修改後
# bind-address          = 127.0.0.1

root localhost 改成 %

sudo mysql -u root -p
Enter password:

mysql> SELECT user,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	| user             | plugin                | host      |
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	| debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| phpmyadmin       | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| robert           | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| root             | mysql_native_password | localhost |
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql;
	Reading table information for completion of table and column names
	You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
	Database changed

mysql> update user set host ='%'where user ='root' and host ='localhost';
	Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
	Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT user,plugin,host FROM mysql.user;
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	| user             | plugin                | host      |
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	| root             | mysql_native_password | %         |
	| debian-sys-maint | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.infoschema | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.session    | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| mysql.sys        | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| phpmyadmin       | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	| robert           | caching_sha2_password | localhost |
	+------------------+-----------------------+-----------+
	7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
	Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> quit
	Bye

1 2	# restart mysql sudo systemctl restart mysql

heidisq port 3306 setting

install and start app

# ftp load code ex3-sequelize
# install module and migrate db
npm install
sudo npx sequelize-cli db:migrate
# ftp load code ex3-sequelize
npm install
sudo npx sequelize-cli db:migrate
# fireware open port 3000 and 5000 for app using
# start app
~/ex3-sequelize$ pm2 start index.js
~/blog$ pm2 start index.js

run nginx

configure nginx to web server

1 2	sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/aaa.website sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/bbb.website

aaa.website

server {
       listen 80;
       server_name aaa.hot5656.website;

       location / {
         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
       }
}

bbb.website

server {
       listen 80;
       server_name bbb.hot5656.website;

       location / {
         proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:5000;
       }
}

add soft link

1 2	sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/aaa.website /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/bbb.website /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

reload nginx

1
2
3

sudo systemctl reload nginx
# check nginx log in need
sudo nano /var/log/nginx/error.log

npm mysql

example #1

1 2	# install mysql npm install mysql

// db.js
var mysql      = require('mysql');
var connection = mysql.createConnection({
  host     : 'localhost',
  user     : 'robert',
  password : 'password',
  database : 'app'
});
 
connection.connect();
 
connection.query('SELECT * from todos', function (error, results, fields) {
  if (error) throw error;
  console.log(results[0].content);
});
 
connection.end();

node.js create web server

Express server

Example #1

Example #2 - add template

Example #3 - MVC

Example #4 - add mysql

express middleware(中介軟體)

example - simple ( query string)

body parser

express session

connect-flash

簡易會員註冊系統

簡易留言板

ORM 與 Sequelize

Sequelize 基本操作

insatll sequelize

link DB and create table’s item

get/modify/delete table item

related db control

Sequelize CLI

install sequelize-cli

init sequeliz

create model

migrate (generate db table)

為 model 加上關聯

create table item

改造留言板

data 操作

install and create DB(migrate)

add user id for comment

set username unique

撤銷migrate then migrate

model 加上關聯

index.js

view’s template

view

control

Ngainx and PM2

PM2

command

Nginx

install

run web server

set for DNS

configure nginx to web server

reload nginx

Heroku

develop node.js - no db

install Heroku CLI

package.json add “script start” and “engines”

set env port

run heroku local test

develop to heroku

develop node.js - include db

install Heroku CLI

package.json add “script start” and “engines”

set env port

run heroku local test

develop to heroku

develop db for heroku

heidisql link to heroku db

AWS 部署(node.js + express + nginx)

install nginx, node.js, npm, pm2

install mysql

其他 app 連至 MySQL

Inbound Rules 新增 HTTP TCP port:3306

mask bind-address(允許連線主機)

root localhost 改成 %

heidisq port 3306 setting

install and start app

run nginx

npm mysql

example #1

參考資料